Clinical Preventive Medicine - Board Review Course 2023-Krist Clinical Preventive Medicine Slides

Krist Clinical Preventive Medicine Slides

Pdf Summary

The document details a comprehensive overview of the 2023 Board Review Course in Clinical Preventive Medicine, led by Dr. Alex Krist from Virginia Commonwealth University. It introduces the scope of clinical preventive services, which include lifestyle counseling, screening tests, immunizations, and chemoprevention, specifically focusing on population-level screening rather than tertiary prevention.<br /><br />Key focal points include the methodology and recommendations of the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), supported by 16 primary care experts and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). The USPSTF follows a systematic, evidence-based approach to making recommendations, emphasizing public input and transparent processes documented on their website.<br /><br />The summary outlines screening guidelines and recommendations for various conditions:<br /><br />1. <strong>Cardiovascular Diseases</strong>: Discusses hypertension, lipid management, and the use of statins in primary prevention, including recent guideline updates and trial outcomes like those from the SPRINT and JNC VIII guidelines.<br /><br />2. <strong>Cancer Screenings</strong>: Covers guidelines for cervical, colorectal, prostate, breast, lung, and skin cancers. It elaborates on colorectal cancer's risk factors and screening methods, lung cancer screening trials (like NLST and NELSON), and the pros and cons of prostate cancer screening. It also addresses the debates around overdiagnosis and screening intervals.<br /><br />3. <strong>Mental Health</strong>: Reviews depression, anxiety, and suicide screening guidelines, especially in special populations like pregnant women and adolescents. It emphasizes specific interventions including cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and medication management.<br /><br />4. <strong>Nutrition and Physical Activity</strong>: Discusses dietary guidelines, the benefits of regular physical activity, and recommendations for preventing obesity-related morbidity. It highlights the importance of proper diet and physical activity in managing health risks.<br /><br />5. <strong>Maternal and Child Health</strong>: Covers screening and prophylactic measures for pregnant women (e.g., folic acid supplementation, gestational diabetes, GBS screening) and screening recommendations for conditions in children (e.g., hearing loss, lead levels, autism).<br /><br />6. <strong>Social Needs and Systemic Issues</strong>: Explores intimate partner violence, elder abuse, and approaches to racism and gender considerations within clinical recommendations, underscoring the importance of socio-behavioral health in preventive medicine.<br /><br />The course presentation emphasizes the importance of evidence-based medicine and how preventive interventions can impact both individual health outcomes and broader public health. The final sections provide practical guidance for clinicians in delivering these recommendations within time constraints, aiming to optimize the implementation of preventive services.

Keywords

Clinical Preventive Medicine

Board Review Course

USPSTF

Screening Guidelines

Cardiovascular Diseases

Cancer Screenings

Mental Health

Nutrition and Physical Activity

Maternal and Child Health

Social Needs